努力因素影响下的RS-MM契约协调模型研究

供应链成员的努力行为是影响市场需求的重要因素之一．作者研究了当市场需求受到努力因素影响下的由制造商、分销商和零售商组成的三级供应链协调的问题，首先在集中决策模式下得出了使得供应链协调时的最优产品订购数量和最优努力水平应满足的条件；然后针对三级供应链中的两个不同的交易过程，设计了一种RS-MM联合契约机制来协调供应链，即对制造商与分销商、分销商与零售商分别采取收益共享契约机制和价格补贴契约机制来协调供应链．为了鼓励零售商使得自身的最优努力水平达到供应链协调时的系统最优努力水平，在价格补贴契约中又引入了数量折扣契约．文章证明了只要制定合理的契约参数，Rs-MM联合契约能够使得供应链协调，实现供应链成员的三赢，最后用算例验证了这种联合契约的有效性．

COORDINATING A THREE-LEVEL SUPPLY CHAIN BASED ON RS-MM COMBINED CONTRACTS WITH DEMAND DEPENDENT EFFORT

The coordination of a three-level supply chain made up of manufacturer,distributor and retailer is studied under demand dependent effort.Firstly,the constraint of the optimal order quantity and the optimal effort is determined with the channel coordinating the supply chain;then the paper designs a combined contract(Revenue-sharing & Markdown-money contract,RS-MM),namely,it takes revenue sharing contract and markdown money contract in the two transactions of the three-level supply chain to coordinate the supply chain.The paper also introduces quantity discount contract into markdown-money contract to encourage the retailer to promote his effort to equal to the optimal effort of the coordinated supply chain.The paper validates that RS-MM contracts can coordinate the three-level supply chain by choosing reasonable parameters.The reasonable choice of parameters can attain the win-win good among all business members,and the value of parameters in a reasonable range relate to the bargaining position of the business.Finally,the validity of the RS-MM contracts is illustrated by a numerical example.