杆菌属蛋白酶基因的结构及其应用

本文介绍了杆菌属中蛋白酶基因的结构及其在工业、科学研究中的广泛应用。杆菌属中的蛋白酶基因具有典型的“ｐｒｅ┐ｐｒｏ┐成熟酶前体”编码特征。其中ｐｒｅ┐序列编码信号肽，ｐｒｏ┐序列编码一段为蛋白酶形成具有生物活性的合适构象所需的肽链。ｐｒｅ┐与ｐｒｏ┐序列都在蛋白酶前体从细胞中分泌出来后被切去。具有相同性质的蛋白酶即使来源于不同菌种，在基因结构上仍具有很高的同源性；而性质不同的蛋白酶，即使来自同一菌种，它们在氨基酸组成，在ｐｒｅ┐、ｐｒｏ┐序列上都存在着很大差异。克隆的蛋白酶基因可用以构建具有蛋白酶高表达活性的基因工程菌，也可被用来研究蛋白酶的结构与性能的相互关系，还可被用于构建具有特殊功能的克隆载体。

The Structure of Protease Genes from Bacillus and Their Potential Application

This paper presents the structure of protease genes from Bacillus and their application in industry and scientific research. The protease genes show a typical pre pro Mature precursor structure. The pre sequence codes the signal peptide and pro sequence codes a special peptide which is needed for protease to fold into a proper conformation with biological activity. Both the pre and pro sequence are removed when the precursor is secreted out from cells. The proteases with a similar property show a high homologous in gene structure, even they are synthesized by different strains. But for different proteases, even from the same strain, they present a significant difference in the amino acids constitute and sequence in pre pro mature enzyme structure. The cloned protease genes could be used for construction of the genetic engineering strain with a high protease activity or having a typical application. They can also be used in study of the relationship between the gene structure and protease function, and in the construction of special vectors used in genetic engineering.