厌氧氨氧化技术应用的挑战与对策

厌氧氨氧化可在缺氧条件下实现氨氮的高效去除,现已成功应用于高氨氮实际废水的处理,其容积氮去除速率高达9.5kgN/(m3·d)。但由于厌氧氨氧化菌生长缓慢,细胞产率低,厌氧氨氧化工艺的启动与运行较为困难,限制了其在全球的推广应用。目前,我国对该技术的研究主要处于实验室小试阶段,缺少中试及以上规模厌氧氨氧化工程的实际应用。以厌氧氨氧化工艺的工程化为目标,探讨了其在菌种、工艺及装置等方面存在的问题,提出了相应的控制对策,并在此基础上提出了厌氧氨氧化工艺工程应用的模式和产业化措施。

Challenges and Countermeasures for Application of ANAMMOX Biotechnology

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is a high-efficiency biotechnology for nitrogen removal from wastewaters under anoxic conditions. It has been successfully applied in ammoniumrich wastewaters, with a high nitrogen removal rate of 9.5 kgN/(m~3· d). However, clue to the very low growth rate and low cellular yield of ANAMMOX bacteria, the start-up and the operation of ANAMMOX process are difficult. Therefore, the engineering application is limited. In China, the researches about the ANAMMOX process are mainly performed in laboratories, and there is a lack of pilot test and fullscale application of ANAMMOX engineering. Consequently, aiming to apply the full-scale ANAMMOX process, the problems and the corresponding control strategies about the bacteria, process optimizations and equipments of ANAMMOX process are discussed. Based on the discussions, the application mode of A NAMMOX process and the industrialization measures are proposed.