产品设计中生命周期评价与生命周期成本的集成与优化

生命周期评价(Life cycle assessrnent, LCA)是绿色设计中的产品环境属性的定量评价工具，但LCA的经济和时间代价制约了LCA的企业应用和发展，将LCA与生命周期成本评估(Life cycle costing, LCC)集成优化是解决这一问题的有效途径。在LCA基本架构的基础上提出LCA与LCC集成评价框架，并考虑时间因素，提出基于矩阵的集成评价算法，建立经济属性与环境属性之间的联系。基于集成评价的结果，建立环境与成本的优化模型，并基于并行子空间优化算法(Concurrent subspace optimization, CSSO)进行优化，使综合效益达到最大，实现经济性与环保性的“双赢”，为改善产品设计提供量化依据。实例研究验证了所提方法的有效性。

Integration and Optimization of Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costing for Product Design

Life cycle assessment (LCA), as a quantitative assessment tool for environmental performance in green design, is used widely in decision-making of product design. However, apparently, it’s not sufficient to make final decision only depending on environmental assessment results for profit-directed organizations. The aim is to propose a methodology for integration of LCA and life cycle costing (LCC). A framework of integration of LCA and LCC is introduced. An inventory analysis algorithm based on matrix is designed to realize to take timing of effects into account in inventory analysis, and a mathematic model integrating environmental and economic performance is set up. Concurrent subspace optimization (CSSO) algorithm is applied to optimize this model so as to achieve the win-win goal of economic and environmental benefit, which provides a quantitative basis for the improvement of initial product design. A case study of type 4135G diesel engine demonstrates the validity of the proposed methodology.