鸟粪石结晶法回收氮磷及其用作缓释生态肥研究

废水中的氮、磷给环境带来巨大的压力，采用鸟粪石结晶法可以有效地回收氮、磷。介绍了鸟粪石成核与晶体生长的原理及影响因素，讨论了不同的镁源、溶液过饱和度、镁离子与铵离子与磷酸根物质的量比、溶液pH、杂质离子、反应时间和反应温度对废水中氮、磷去除率和鸟粪石结晶的影响。鸟粪石中富含氮、磷、镁营养元素，且营养元素释放缓慢，是一种优质的缓释生态肥。若市政废水和畜牧业废水中的磷全部通过污水处理厂回收，可有效地缓解磷矿石短缺的问题，实现磷的循环利用。

Recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus by struvite crystallization and itsapplication as slow-release eco-friendly fertilizers

Nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater are a burning environmental issue of the present world，and they can be removed or recovered through struvite crystallization.The principles and influencing factors of struvite′s nucleation and crystal growth were introduced.The influences of different factors，such as various Mg sources，supersaturation，amount-of-substance ratio of Mg2+，NH4+，PO43-，pH，impurity ion，reaction time，and temperature，on the P and N removal efficiencies and struvite crystallization were also discussed.Struvite contains nitrogen，phosphorus，and magnesium，and the slower nutrient leaching loss makes it a slow-release eco-friendly fertilizer.It is possible to overcome the acute shortage of rock phosphate if all the phosphorus in municipal and livestock wastewaters is recovered by wastewater treatment plants，realizing the recycling of phosphorus.