电解电渗析回收处理汽油碱渣的氢氧化钠

 利用电解电渗析的方法回收处理汽油碱渣中的NaOH，使剩余的废溶液容易进一步处理，降低对环境的污染。在自制的电解槽中进行电解电渗析，阳极室为汽油碱渣，阴极室为水，电压为5V。还研究了电极材料的影响。结果表明，使用电解电渗析可以将NaOH从阳极转移到阴极，当装入阳极室和阴极室的液体体积相当时，阴极室溶液中的NaOH质量分数可以达到4.4%；更换阳极室的碱渣，可以使阴极室溶液中的NaOH质量分数达到12%。以铂为阳极、镍为阴极的电解电渗析效果，镍、铅等材料不适合用作阳极材料。研究还发现，高温不利于碱渣电解电渗析的进行，适宜的电解电渗析温度为常温；电极与离子膜之间的距离越小越能提高电解渗析的效率。

RECOVERING NaOH FROM WASTE ALKALINE SOLUTIONS OF GASOLINE TREATMENT BY ELECTRODIALYSIS AND ELECTROLYSIS

NaOH was recovered from waste alkaline solution of gasoline treatment by electrodialysis and electrolysis, making the waste alkaline solution easy to be treated to reduce the pollution of environment. The experiment was carried out in an electrodialysis and electrolysis instrument under the electric pressure of 5 V, in which the waste alkaline solutions was filled in anode room and the clean water was filled in cathode room. It is known from the experimental data that with this method NaOH could be transferred from anode room to cathode room, and if the liquid volumes in these two rooms were the same, the mass fraction of NaOH in cathode room could reach 4.4%. If the waste alkaline solution of anode room was renewed on time, the mass fraction of NaOH in cathode room could reach 12%. The electrolysis instrument with platinum as anode and nickel as cathode is suitable for the treatment of waste alkaline solution. When the content of NaOH in cathode is lowered, or/and the distance between electrode and ionic membrane is shortened, the electrodialysis and electrolysis will be fastened. Also, it is discovered that high temperature is not eligible for the electrodialysis and electrolysis of waste alkaline solution of gasoline.