Fate of photosensitizing furanocoumarins in tolerant and sensitive insects |
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Authors: | Don L Bull G Wayne Ivie Ross C Beier Nan W Pryor Ernest H Oertli |
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Affiliation: | (1) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 77841 College Station, Texas |
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Abstract: | The fate of 14C]xanthotoxin (8-methoxypsoralen) was studied in larvae of insect species that are tolerant (Papilio polyxenes Stoll) or sensitive (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) to the phototoxic effects of photosensitizing psoralens. Both insects metabolize xanthotoxin by oxidative cleavage of the furan ring, but the detoxification occurs at a much more rapid rate inP. polyxenes in which >95% of an oral 5 g/g xanthotoxin dose is metabolized within 1.5 hr after treatment. The detoxification of psoralens byP. polyxenes appears to occur primarily in the midgut tissue prior to absorption, with the result that the intact phototoxin does not reach appreciable levels in body tissues. Studies with an angular furanocoumarin indicated that isopsoralens are metabolized byP. polyxenes at a somewhat slower rate than observed for psoralens; however, a reduced rate of metabolic detoxification of isopsoralens probably does not explain the fact that psoralen tolerance inP. polyxenes does not extend to the isopsoralen series. |
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Keywords: | Xanthotoxin psoralen isopsoralen furanocoumarin Papilio polyxenes Lepidoptera Papilionidae Spodoptera frugiperda Noctuidae metabolism detoxification tolerance |
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