上海世博会“一檐两馆”工程拔柱换梁关键施工技术

同一屋檐下的世博会博物馆和综艺大厅是由江南造船厂部件装焊工场改建而成,设计要求对原结构进行"拔柱换梁",变小跨度为大跨度。在整个世博园区浦西场馆改建中,"一檐两馆"工程是场馆建设项目的重点、难点。由于受力钢柱拆除和钢梁架设施工会将屋面钢网架的荷载传递给新增托梁,致使原结构受力平衡体系被破坏,所以"拔柱换梁"的施工风险主要是瞬间受力构件内力的激烈变化,如何控制力系在转换传载功能过程中的安全性,成为本项目施工的"瓶颈"。通过对"拔柱换梁"的施工技术创新,以及辅用国际领先"结构安全预警"技术对"拔柱换梁"关键部位的应力和位移进行结构健康监测,确保了项目施工安全,成为世博工程利用旧厂房改建成功的典范。

KEY TECHNOLOGY OF REPLACING COLUMN WITH BEAM IN THE "ONE-EAVE, TWO HALL" PROJECT IN SHANGHAI EXPO'S ZONE CONSTRUCTION

In Shanghai EXPO＇s construction of Puxi Zone, the EXPO＇s Museum and Entertainment Hall share one eave. Both of them are reconstructed from the component installation and welding workshop of Jiangnan Dockyard. The design requires that original column be replaced by beam and span be expanded. In the whole reconstruction project in EXPO＇s Puxi Zone, ＂one-eave, two hall＂ is the highlight and key point of the construction project. As the removal of weighted steel column and the placement of steel beam will transfer the load of ＂steel net structure of roof＂ to the newly-buih supporting beam resulting in the balance failure of original structure, the ＂risk＂ in the replacement of column is mainly caused by the drastic change of internal force in the component imposed with instant force. How to control the safety in the ＂conversion and transfer of force system＂ becomes the ＂bottle-neck＂ of this construction project. With innovation of the technology of replacing column with beam in the ＂one-eave, two hall＂ and making use of globally advanced ＂structural safety precaution＂ technology, which monitors the structural health, means key position＇s stress and displacement of ＂replacing column with beam＂, the construction safety has been guaranteed. And the project has become reconstruction project＇s model.