塔里木盆地喜马拉雅晚期油气藏调整与改造

为理清塔里木盆地油气分布规律,对喜马拉雅晚期构造运动背景下塔里木盆地油气藏的调整与改造进行分析.塔里木盆地油气成藏过程受喜马拉雅运动影响十分强烈,主要发生了物理调整和化学改造两方面的次生作用:一方面由于地层的翘倾和圈闭的调整,早期形成的油气藏发生侧向长距离运移和垂向渗漏再聚集；另一方面巨厚的地层沉积加速了有机质的热演化,生成大量裂解气,天然气侵入早期油藏导致油气性质发生重大改变,重质油、轻质油、蜡质油、凝析气等各种类型的油气形成并分布在同一区域.喜马拉雅晚期油气藏的物理调整和化学改造作用导致塔里木盆地横向上大面积油气差异分布,纵向上多层系含油、但油气性质各异的复杂格局.

Adjustment and alteration of hydrocarbon reservoirs during the late Himalayan period, Tarim Basin, NW China

To figure out the oil and gas distribution pattern in the Tarim Basin, the adjustment and reformation of oil and gas reservoirs under the background of late Himalayan Orogeny are analyzed. Strongly affected by the tectonic movement, the oil and gas reservoirs in the Tarim Basin experienced secondary actions in physical adjustment and chemical alteration: on the one hand, during the course of physical adjustment, reversed strata caused the early-formed oil to seep vertically and to migrate laterally along the sandstone in large scale with long distance; on the other hand, in the process of chemical alteration, the deposition of massive strata accelerated the thermal evolution of organic matter, generating large amounts of cracking gas, which went into the pre-existing reservoirs and led to big change in oil and gas properties and the coexistence of heavy oil, light oil, waxy oil and condensate gas in the same area. The physical adjustment and chemical reformation of oil and gas reservoirs in late Himalayan period resulted in the lateral differential distribution of oil and gas in large area and multiple vertical oil-bearing layers with complex and diverse oil and gas properties.