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Protein-based nanomaterials and nanosystems for biomedical applications: A review
Affiliation:1. School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States;2. Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;1. Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey University, Chemistry Department, Karaman, Turkey;2. Department of Chemistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey;3. Bionkit Co Ltd., Eskisehir, Turkey;4. Department of Chemistry, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey;1. School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China;1. Department of Paediatric Neurology, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Member of the ERN EpiCARE Motol Epilepsy Center, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic;2. Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Neurorehabilitation, Epilepsy Center for Children and Adolescents, Schön Klinik, Vogtareuth, Germany;3. Research Institute for Rehabilitation, Transition and Palliation, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Austria;4. Children''s Hospital Amsterdamer Straße, Kliniken der Stadt Köln, Cologne, Germany;5. Epilepsy Center, Paediatric Neurology, DRK Kliniken Berlin-Westend, Berlin, Germany;6. Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children''s Hospital, Tübingen, Germany;7. Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic;8. Department of Radiology, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic;9. Department of Neuropaediatrics, Centrum for Social Paediatry, St. Mary´s Children Hospital, Landshut, Germany;10. Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
Abstract:Advanced protein-based nanomaterials and nanosystems (PNNS) have attracted considerable scientific interest in recent decades due to their potential in bio-applications. Nowadays, the constructed PNNS exhibit different properties for various special applications based on the characteristics of different proteins. Herein, in this review article, a systematic summary and discussion focusing on designing multi-functional PNNS are presented. The latest developments in unique synthesis strategies and detailed classification of PNNS are reviewed. The functions of proteins in PNNS for biomedical applications, such as targeting proteins, carriers, enzymes, and fluorescent indicators, are summarized. Finally, the challenges and forward-looking perspectives of PNNS research are provided.
Keywords:Nanomaterials  Nanosystems  Protein  Biomedical applications
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