深部隧硐锚杆支护结构系统中锚杆受力研究

依据柏格斯（Burgers）模型,对深部围岩隧硐进行了应力与位移场的解析分析研究,建立了柏格斯模型下隧硐围岩的位移方程、应力方程;基于载荷传递机理,建立了锚杆受力的微分方程,通过求解锚杆受力的微分方程得到了锚杆与围岩相互作用下的轴向载荷分布函数。然后对锚杆的轴向受力与摩阻力进行了计算分析,通过结果分析得出：粘弹性围岩中的应力分布与时间无关;隧硐围岩中任一点的位移随时间而增长,同时,随着时间将趋向于一定值;锚杆的受力符合中性点理论。同时,通过分析深部围岩隧硐发生破坏的原因,建立支护结构与围岩共同作用的特性曲线,提出了一种符合NATM核心思想的,能够科学确定支护结构最佳架设或安装施工时间的新思路。

Research on the Mechanical Mechanism of the Rock Bolt Reinforcement Structural Systems in Deep Tunnel

The equations of displacement and stress for tunnel wall rock are established based on Burgers model by analyzing the stress and displacement field of deep rock tunnel.And then,the differential bolt equations for the force is established based on the load transfer mechanism,and the axial load distribution function was obtained by solving the differential equations of bolt force under the interaction between rock bolt and surrounding rock mass.The bolt axial force and the frictional resistance were calculated and analyzed.The results of analysis showed: the visco-elastic stress distribution in the surrounding rock has nothing to do with time; Surrounding rock displacement at any point in tunnel grows and tends to a certain value with the time; The bolt force agrees with the neutral point theory.At the same time,the characteristic curve between the interaction of supporting structure and the tunnel wall rock is built by analyzing the reasons for the deep rock tunnel.A new core idea of being in line with NATM is presented,which can determine the best time for the supporting structure or installation.