层次单排序的差异矩阵法

在层次分析法 (AHP)中 ,判断矩阵元素的实质是不同方案属性相对同一准则的比值。靠人们的直观判断来确定它无疑是困难的。人们直观判断的特点是善于发现差别和比较差别 ,根据这种特点 ,为了确定不同方案的重要性比值 ,提出了将判断过程分两步来进行的思路 ,并给出了具体实施方案。首先按直观判断比较方案的大小 (优劣 )建立比较矩阵 ,由比较矩阵得到方案的大小 (优劣 )次序。然后再对比分析方案之间的差异 ,按差异的大小次序进行赋值、量化 ,建立和计算差异矩阵。重点讨论了建立一致性差异矩阵的方法并由此得到差异向量。最后对差异向量进行数学处理 ,得到方案排序的权重向量。为层次分析的方案单排序和定性问题量化处理提供了新的途径。

Difference Matrix Mode of Level Simple Sequence

In the AHP method, the elements of judgement matrix are essentially the ratio of different scheme attributes to a certain rule. It is undoubtedly difficult to form the judgement by direct observation which enables people to find and compare the difference easily. According to this characteristic, a method to divide the judging process into two parts is presented and specific plans for carring it out are also given in the article in order to determine the importance ratio of different schemes. First, comparative matrix is created according to directly-observed advantages and disadvantages of various schemes. The sequence of superiority of the schemes can be obtained from the judgement. Then the differences among the analyzing schemes are compared and value and quantification are give in accordance with the sequence of the differences before a difference matrix is setup and calculated. The article mainly discusses the methods of creating a consistency difference matrix and hence the difference vector is obtained. At last difference vector is mathematically disposed and weigh vector of the sequence of scheme is produced, which provides a new way for scheme simple sequence of AHP and quantification processing of qualitative question.