爆破振动对上游式尾矿坝安全的影响

通过实测某矿业公司采场爆破在尾矿库基础坝处的振动加速度，将实测爆破振动加速度信号进行变幅处理后加载到依据实际尾矿库建立的有限元模型中。通过改变爆破振动幅值强度，系统研究了爆破振动对尾矿坝稳定系数、尾矿坝内孔隙水压力以及剪切应力的影响。研究表明：爆破振动对尾矿库影响存在振动强度临界值，当爆破振动强度小于临界值时对尾矿坝安全是有益的，而大于临界值则是有害的。通过有限元计算，综合安全稳定系数、孔隙水压力和最大剪切应力的变化，得出尾矿坝基础坝处的爆破振动临界加速度为0.266g，对应的振动速度为13.6 cm/s。若考虑应留有3倍以上安全储备量，则安全允许振动加速度0.089g，振动速度为4.5 cm/s。这一爆破振动速度安全判据对于类似尾矿库也具有参考意义。

Impact of the Blasting Vibration on the Safety of the Upstream Tailings Dam

Through measuring blasting vibration acceleration in the tailings dam foundation from a mining company of Chengde，the variable amplitude processing on blasting vibration acceleration signal is made to load the finite element model based on real tailing pond.The effects of blasting vibration on the stability of tailing dam，tailings dam coefficient of pore water pressure，and the shear are studied systematically by changing the amplitude intensity of blasting vibration.The result shows that:the influence of blasting vibration on the tailings pond has a critical vibration intensity value.When the blasting vibration intensity is less than the critical value，it is beneficial to the safety of tailings dam.When the blasting vibration intensity is beyond the critical value，it is harmful to the safety of tailings dam.Through the calculation by the finite element，and considering the variation of the safety factor stability，the pore water pressure and the maximum shear stress，the conclusion is that the critical acceleration of blasting vibration in tailings dam foundation dam is at 0.266g and the related vibration velocity is at 13.6 cm/s.If keeps more than 3 times safety reserves for the safety consideration，the safety vibration acceleration is 0.089g，and the vibration velocity is 4.5 cm/s.This criterion for the safety blasting vibration velocity has reference significance for the similar tailing ponds.