Bone cell attachment and growth on well‐characterized chitosan films |
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Authors: | Virginia Hamilton Youling Yuan Debbie A Rigney Betsy M Chesnutt Aaron D Puckett Joo L Ong Yunzhi Yang Warren O Haggard Steven H Elder Joel D Bumgardner |
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Affiliation: | 1. Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;2. University of Memphis‐University of Tennessee, BME Program, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;3. Millsaps College, Jackson, MS 39210, USA;4. University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;5. University of Memphis‐University of Tennessee, BME Program, Memphis, TN 38152, USABiomedical Engineering Department, ET308, Herff College of Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152‐3210, USA |
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Abstract: | Chitosan has been widely researched for bone tissue and implant applications. While initial results are promising, there are inconsistent reports regarding the biological responses. This may be due to inadequate evaluation of chitosan material properties. This study evaluated normal human osteoblast precursor cell attachment and proliferation on a series of well‐characterized chitosan films. The chitosan films exhibited a range of properties: 76–96% degree of de‐acetylation (DDA), 2400–8200 kDa viscosity‐average molecular weight, 62–90° contact angle, 0.24–2.46% residual ash, 5.3–287 µg cm?2 residual protein and 23–40% crystallinity. There was no trend or correlation between DDA, crystallinity, contact angle, molecular weight, residual ash or protein content and the attachment or growth of bone cells on chitosan films. All films supported higher levels of bone cell proliferation than tissue culture plastic, which supports the general hypothesis that chitosans are osteocompatible. The 78 and 92% DDA chitosan films supported the most cell proliferation, approximately 16 times that of tissue culture plastic controls, but no chitosan physiochemical property correlated with the increased cell growth. The lack of correlation is hindered since more than one physiochemical property changed for each chitosan material. Data do indicate that there may be much variability in chitosan materials, and this variability may make understanding and comparing biological performance of chitosan materials difficult. These results highlight the need for systematic characterizations of chitosan materials for predictable biomedical applications. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry |
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Keywords: | bone cell cell adhesion cell proliferation chitosan film chitosan characterization |
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