奥地利法律教育的基本元素

法律教育在很大程度上是特定法律制度的产物，文化差异决定着一个国家的法学教育。但是，法律教育除了文化差异之外，还应当具有“基本元素”上的统一性，即教育目标、教育载体（法学院）、知识体系（课程）、师资水平（法学教授）等。奥地利的法学教育既保留了自己的文化传统，又具备了这些基本元素，因此是一种成功的法律教育模式。它强调一切法律从业人员应当在法学院接受一种广博而统一的法律专业教育，即一种通识教育。为此，其法学教育的制度设计和实践运行机制全部围绕这一目标而展开，具有自己的特征。认识奥地利法学教育的基本元素也许在一定程度上能为我国法学教育的改善提供借鉴。

The Basic Factors of Austrian Legal Education

The legal education is,to a great extent,a result of the given legal institution and is decided by the culture of the nation.Besides the cultural differences,however,the legal education should have some united fundamental factors which include aims of education,undertakers of education(law school),legal knowledge system,professors of law,and so on.The legal education of Austria not only maintains its cultural tradition,but also has the above-mentioned fundamental factors.In Austria,every professional lawyer should receive a broad and unified legal education,that is,a liberal education,therefore,the institutional design and the practice of the legal education serve for it.A good understanding of these basic factors will help to better legal education of China.