Nutritional and chemical composition of different life stages of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. IRTA, Ctra. de Cabrils Km 2, 08348, Cabrils (Barcelona), Spain;2. Unidad de Protección de Cultivos, Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSIAAB, UPM; c/ Avenida de Puerta de Hierro nº 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain;1. University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia;2. Pesticides and Environment Research Institute, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade, Serbia;3. University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia;1. Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Str. 19, 14195, Berlin, Germany;2. Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou str, Nea Ionia, 38446, Magnissia, Greece;3. University of Lisbon, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, TERRA – Laboratory for sustainable land use and ecosystem services Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal;4. Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, 06135, Ankara, Turkey;5. Insititute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, Novi Sad, Serbia;6. 10000, Zagreb, Croatia;7. IRTA, Sustainable Plant Protection Program, Ctra. de Cabrils km 2, 08348, Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain;8. Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06, Prague, Czech Republic;9. University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Dept. of Agronomy, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia;10. Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy;1. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK;2. School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE17RU, UK |
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| Abstract: | Tribolium castaneum can survive in extremely dry environments and be one of the major insect pests of broken and processed grains or other stored dried foods. Additionally, this species has demonstrated resistance to some classes of insecticides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritional and chemical composition of T. castaneum, reared on maize flour, and compare protein, lipids and fatty acids profile, amino acids and mineral contents, of different developmental stages: larvae, pupae and adults. In general all stages were rich in protein (15.3% for larvae and 17.0% for adults, wet body weight).Disparities among developmental stages regarding amino acids and fatty acids content were found. Essential amino acids were most abundant in T. castaneum; a different essential amino acid was prevalent on each developmental stage: larvae - valine; pupae - lysine; adults - histidine. Tribolium castaneum is rich in phosphorus, potassium and sulphur; larvae had a significantly higher content of phosphorus, potassium, sulphur and zinc, while adults showed significantly lower content of potassium and zinc. Larvae and pupae showed higher values of SFA (heptadecanoic and stearic acid) and PUFA (α-linolenic and linolenic acids), while MUFA showed the reverse tendency, with adults having the highest contents of hypogeic, palmitoleic and oleic acids. The nutritional differences among different developmental stages identified are due to specificities of each stage (level of chitinization, motility, energy requirements and food intake habits), as the diet offered to the insects was the same. This study can thus be considered a first step towards future directions of investigation, to a better understanding of this pest nutritional preferences and alternatives to achieve a more sustainable management of infested stored products. |
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| Keywords: | Stored products insect pest Maize flour Nutritional analyses Developmental stage |
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