Physical demands of overhead crane operation |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;2. Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Deusto, Spain;3. Seoul National University, College of Human Ecology, Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, Seoul, South Korea;4. Kyung Hee University, College of Physical Education, Department of Sports Medicine, Yongin-si, South Korea;1. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA;2. Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA;3. School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China;2. Aviation Materials Research Center, The Second Research Institute of CAAC, Chengdu, 610041, China;1. Laboratory of Ergonomics and Physiology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00078, Monte Porzio Catone (Rome), Italy;2. Unit of Advanced Robotics and Human-Centred Technologies, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy;3. Institute of BioEconomy (IBE), National Research Council, Via Madonna Del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy;4. Centre of Bioclimatology, University of Florence, Piazzale Delle Cascine 18, 50144, Florence, Italy;5. Laboratory of Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Via Stefano Gradi 55, 00143, Rome, Italy;6. Thermal Environment Laboratory, Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;1. School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China;2. School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics: Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China;3. Key Laboratory of Deep Geodrilling Technology, Ministry of Land and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Recent studies have suggested that ergonomic factors may contribute to risks experienced by overhead crane operators. However, there are few studies that provide a comprehensive overview of the physical demands of overhead crane operation. This study aimed to provide this information by quantifying muscular, postural, and upper limb movement demands of overhead crane operation including examination of muscle activation and trunk posture by task. Trunk posture, upper limb movement demands and muscle activation in the trunk and upper limbs were quantified for seven overhead crane operators. Trunk posture was quantified using trunk angle and joystick motion requirements were determined using camera data. Muscle activation was measured bilaterally using surface EMG for the upper trapezii, anterior deltoids, posterior deltoids, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, flexor carpi radialis and erector spinae. Lastly, joystick force requirements were assessed using a spring scale. High upper limb and trunk muscle loading were observed when compared to joystick use in other heavy machinery, in part due to the forward, trunk-flexed position required to adequately view the workspace, and the increased force requirements of the joysticks. Joystick input force requirements were 9–31 N for the right-hand joystick and 11–40 N for the left-hand joystick. Operators maintained a forward trunk flexion (>20°) for all subtasks which suggests that trunk posture might play a role in sustained trunk muscle activation. Results suggest that the primary issue with overhead crane cab operation is upper limb and trunk muscle loading. Results confirm the need to investigate muscle load reduction strategies such as camera systems to help reduce the need for trunk flexion. Other design modification suggestions include reducing the joystick input force and displacement requirements coupled with potentially distributing the machine functions more evenly across the right and left controllers. |
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| Keywords: | Overhead cranes Electromyography Trunk posture |
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