沙颍河(河南段)水污染的时空分布规律

对沙颍河流域(河南段)的沙河、颍河、贾鲁河水质进行监测,分析沙颍河水污染的时空分布规律特征。结果显示:①流域内主要支流沙河、颍河、贾鲁河水体TN浓度均超过Ⅴ类地表水质量标准要求,为劣Ⅴ类。②流域水体CODMn、TP浓度从上游的Ⅳ类到下游的Ⅴ类逐步恶化,部分河段超过Ⅴ类水质要求。周口段贾鲁河和沙颍河NH3-N、TN、TP、CODMn浓度超过Ⅴ类水质标准;沙河、颍河TN、CODMn浓度为Ⅴ类或超Ⅴ类水质标准,NH3-N符合Ⅲ类水质标准,TP符合Ⅳ类水质标准。③沙颍河流域水体TN、TP、CODMn浓度随季节而变,枯水季节的TN、TP浓度明显高于丰水季节,CODMn浓度明显低于丰水期。④沙颍河流域主要污染因子为TN,其次为CODMn和TP。认为流域水污染最严重的河流为贾鲁河,其次为颍河和沙河,该流域水体不仅点源污染严重,还存在明显的面源污染。

Spatial and temporal distribution of water pollution of Shaying River (Henan section)

Based on water quality monitoring of the Sha River,Ying River,and Jialu River in the Shaying River Basin（Henan section）,the spatial and temporal distribution of water pollution in the Shaying River were summarized.The results showed the follosing： ①TN in the Sha River,Ying River,and Jialu River in the basin exceeded the level V standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water.②The CODMn and TP levels in the basin worsened gradually from upstream（level Ⅳ） to downstream（level Ⅴ）,and were worse than the level V water standard in some sections.In the Zhoukou section of the Jialu River and Shaying River,the concentrations of NH＋4-N,TN,TP,and CODMn were worse than the level V water standard.For the Sha River and Ying River,TN and CODMn equaled or exceeded the level Ⅴ water standard;however,NH＋4-N and TP met the requirements of the level Ⅲ and level Ⅳ water standards,respectively.③In the Shaying River Basin,the concentrations of TN,TP,and CODMn varied with the season.The concentrations of TN and TP in the dry season were significantly larger than that in the wet season;however,CODMn in the dry season was significantly lower than that in the wet season.④The main pollution factor in the Shaying River Basin was TN,followed by CODMn and TP.In the basin,the Jialu River was the most seriously polluted branch,followed by the Ying River and the Sha River.It was not only point source pollution that was serious in the basin,but also non-point source pollution.