大型矿用挖掘机操作界面的优化设计研究

摘 要：针对大型矿用挖掘机操作元件布局不合理的问题，以人机工程学理论为基础，采 用改进的 Topsis 法，将挖掘机驾驶室人机界面的设计元素进行量化分析。首先，根据驾驶室各 元件在不同工况下的使用频率，采用改进的逼近理想解法对各元件进行优先排序。其次，为提 高驾驶员的操作便利性与工作效率，综合利用功能分区原则、色彩设计原则等用户体验方法对 操作元件进行重新布局与设计。最后，采用 0~5 打分表格法对重新布局设计前、后的操作界面 进行主观评价。结果表明：重新设计后的操作界面人机交互性能评分较高，区域划分、元件分 类更加合理，其中区域划分合理性提高近 40%，总体平均分值提高 35.4%。该方法为复杂人机 界面的合理规划和布局提供了一种设计思路。

Study on Optimal Design of Operating Interface of Large Mining Excavator

Abstract: In view of the unreasonable layout of operating elements in large mining excavators, the elements of the man-machine interface of the excavator cab were quantitatively analyzed based on the ergonomic theory by the method of the improved Topsis method. Firstly, according to the operating frequency of each component in the excavator cab under different working conditions, the improved approximation ideal solution was used to prioritize each component. Secondly, in order to improve the operational convenience and work efficiency of drivers, user experience methods such as functional zoning principle and color design principle were comprehensively utilized to rearrange and design the operating components. Finally, the user interface of the redesigned layout and the original interface of current excavator were evaluated subjectively by using the 0-5 scoring table method. The results show that the user interface of the redesigned layout has higher human-computer interaction performance score than the former one. In Particular, in area division and component classification, they both have an optimization rate of about 40% and the average overall optimization rate is 35.4%. This method provides a design idea for rational planning and layout of the complex human-computer interface.