Symmetry-bridging phase as the mechanism for the large strains in relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;2. UNIST Central Research Facilities, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea;5. iBULe Photonics, Inc., 7-39, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China;3. Yangtze Normal University, Fuling 408100, China;4. Photovoltaic industry institute of technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea, South Korea;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Australia, NSW 2052, Australia;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea, South Korea;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China;2. International School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Relaxor-PbTiO3 piezoelectric single crystals have been of a great interest, since the discovery of ultrahigh piezoresponse demonstrated in <001> -oriented crystals of the composition at the rhombohedral side of morphotropic phase boundary. It has been proposed that the exceptionally large piezoelectric properties should originate from an electric-field-induced polarization rotation that involves a reversible phase transformation between rhombohedral and tetragonal via monoclinic symmetry. However, this commonly accepted polarization rotation mechanism has its limit in explaining still the excellent piezoelectricity even at a small excitation field far below the coercive field. Here, we show by a comparative study using single crystals from two distinct processing techniques, the polarization rotation has, if ever, little influence on the strain properties of <001 > -oriented rhombohedral relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals. Instead, they may come from a reversible shear-mode piezoelectric contribution from electric-field-susceptible ‘symmetry-bridging’ unit-cell-level phases, the polarization direction of which spans monoclinic symmetry. |
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| Keywords: | Piezoelectricity Single crystals Relaxor-PT Morphotropic phase boundary |
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