Cold-sintered V2O5-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites for negative temperature coefficient materials |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an, 710049, China;2. Materials Research Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA;3. Murata Electronics North America Inc., Smyrna, GA, 30080, USA;1. Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK;2. School of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK;1. Materials Science & Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India;2. Microelectronics Research Unit Faculty of Information Technology & Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, P.O. Box 4500, FI90014, Finland;1. College of Electronic Information, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;3. Christian Doppler Lab on Advanced Ferroic Oxides, Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK;4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK;5. Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;1. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China;2. Key Laboratory of Eco-Materials Advanced Technology, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China;3. National Analysis Center for Iron & Steel, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, China |
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| Abstract: | A low temperature sintering method, namely cold sintering process, was used to prepare 97 vol%V2O5-3 vol% PEDOT:PSS (Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate ceramic-polymer nanocomposites. The density, phase purity, microstructure, elemental distribution and electrical properties of sintered tape-cast films were investigated. The composition with 97 vol%V2O5-3 vol% PEDOT:PSS ceramic-polymer nanocomposites can be densified (∼90%) after a cold sintering of 140 °C for 45 min under a uniaxial pressure of 300 MPa. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) microstructure shows that a ∼10 nm thick intergranular polymer of PEDOT:PSS has been distributed around the V2O5 grains after cold sintering. The resistivity decreases with temperature increasing, indicating a typical negative temperature coefficient (NTC) characteristic. The resistivity at 25 °C, temperature coefficient α at 25 °C, and B coefficient (material constant) are 6.34 Ωm, −2.4% K−1 and 2153 K, respectively. The V2O5-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite materials are suitable for new NTC devices, with properties that are comparable to traditional NTC materials that are sintered at much higher temperatures and with much more complexed process and compositions. |
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| Keywords: | Cold sintering process Negative temperature coefficient materials Conduction mechanism |
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