苦瓜中抑菌物质的提取及其生物活性初步分析

选择合适的提取剂从苦瓜中提取具有抑菌效果的物质并进行生物活性分析。有效提取方法是使用浓度为70%的乙醇浸提，超声波破碎，正丁醇萃取，萃取物再通过聚酰胺分离纯化后，使用不同浓度乙醇进行洗脱，粗提液、萃取相和洗脱液的抑菌实验结果表明，苦瓜提取物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌均具有明显的抑菌活性；抗氧化实验结果表明苦瓜提取物对H2O2均有明显的清除作用；定性分析显示提取物中含有皂苷、黄酮、多酚和有机酸等物质。

Extraction and Biological Activity Preliminary Analysis of Antimicrobial Substance from Bitter Melon

A suitable extraction method was selected to extract the antibacterial substance from bitter melon and the bioactivity was analyzed in this text. The effective method is extracting with 70 % ethanol, breaking with ultrasonic, extracting with n-butyl alcohol, and then using different concentrations of ethanol for elution from polyamide column. The results of the experiments indicated that the crude extract, the n-butyl alcohol extraction phase and the elution showed obviously antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The extracts in this text of bitter melon obviously cleared the H₂O₂. Qualitative analysis showed that the extracts contained saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols and organic acids.