补加营养元素对活性污泥法处理工业废水的优化作用

本文研究了补加营养元素对活性污泥系统COD去除和氧消耗速率的影响，营养元素包括氮、磷和一些微量金属离子等。由于工业废水中缺少一些微生物新陈代谢所必须的营养元素，其会影响活性污泥系统处理废水的效率。加N或P营养元素都能提高活性污泥的新陈代谢能力；无论N／P平衡与否，补加金属离子Co、Ca、Mo和Mn都能提高活性污泥系统处理废水的效率，而加Cu离子对系统有毒害作用；N／P平衡时，补加金属离子Al和Fe引起吸附效应；而N／P不平衡时，加Al对微生物的活性有毒害作用。营养元素的平衡能优化活性污泥系统对废水处理，但要考虑不同营养元素之间相互作用对处理效果的影响。

NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS TO OPTIMIZE TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER BY ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEM

The process performance and metabolic rates of activated sludge dosed with nutrient supplements including trace metals, nitrogen and phosphorus were studied. The wastewater from the chemical plant didn't contain sufficient nutrients for efficient biological treatment, so the nutrient supplements had the possibility to optimize the performance of activated sludge process treating wastewater. Dosing nitrogen or phosphorus could improve the metabolic ability of activated sludge. Whether nitrogen/phosphorus was balanced or not, dosing cobalt, calcium, molybdenum and manganese could enhance the performance of activated sludge, but dosing copper would inhibit the activity of microorganisms. Aluminum and iron would cause adsorption action when N/P was balanced. Aluminum supplement inhibited the metabolic rates of the sludge when N/P was unbalanced. Nutrient addition can improve biological treatment, but the interaction between different nutrient elements must be considered.