典型拱形壳体风荷载分布规律

进行了2种典型拱形壳体结构刚性模型内外表面同步测压风洞试验，分析了拱形壳体结构体型系数与脉动风压系数的分布规律，比较了底部开口／闭口和两端封闭／开放不同状态对风压分布的影响。结果表明：底部开口与端部条件对结构风压分布影响很大，采用孤面封闭两端可以有效的降低结构端部的风压同时使得结构表面风压分布更加均匀，当底部开口较小时，结构内部的稳定负压可以抵消外表面负压，从而降低了结构承受的风吸力，同时也扩大了结构的正压区并增加了结构表面的风压力。最后给出了该类结构的风荷载建议。

Wind Loads Distribution on Typical Vaulted Shells

The distribution characteristics of shape factors and fluctuating wind pressure coefficients on two vaulted shells were investigated by simultaneous measurement of external and internal wind pressures on static models in wind tunnel. The effects of orifices on bottom and blocking at ends on wind loads distribution are discussed. It is shown that the wind pressure distribution is significantly affected by changes on orifices at bottom and blocking at ends. Wind pressure on ends decrease effectively and wind pressure on surface is distributed smoothly by blocking ends with highly curved surface shell. Small orifices at bottom not only contribute to degreasing negative pressure because of count acting effects of internal and external pressures, but also to extending the positive pressures region and increasing positive pressures. Wind loads suggestions on these structures are described at end.