低水头大流量水利枢纽特性与设计优化

历经30多年30座低水头大流量水利枢纽的设计、建设,逐渐认识、利用其特性,给工程带来巨大效益。低水头大流量水利枢纽的正常蓄水位、坝址选择、枢纽布置、施工导流与其他水利枢纽不同,以长洲水利枢纽为例,说明选择一个好坝址、优化施工导流设计给工程带来的巨大效益;以飞来峡水利枢纽为例,说明优化枢纽布置给工程带来的巨大经济效益。利用水头低、坝高低、流量大、坝下水深大的特性,以白石窑水电站为例,土坝采用无围堰筑坝,简化泄水闸消能防冲设施,采取库区防护,改善了工程的经济指标。

Characteristics and optimization design of water control projects with low head and big flow

After the design and construction of 30 water control projects with low head and big flow in the past 30 years,the characteristics of such engineerings have been found and used.Water control projects with low head and big flow are different as other projects in the normal storage level,the general layout and construction diversion.Changzhou hydraulic projecthas a good site selection,and construction diversion,which have great benefit to the project.And the Feilaixia multipurpose dam has bettere layout,which has huge economic efficiency.Using the characteristics of low head,large flow,deep water under dam,Baishiyao hydropower station builds dam without cofferdam,and simplifies the discharge gate,at the same time adopts reservoir protection to improve the economic index of engineering.