百香果皮体外抑制葡萄糖吸收、抗氧化及调节高血糖大鼠肠道菌群结构的作用

以百香果皮粉（passion fruit peel powder，PFP）、百香果皮醇提取物（passion fruit peel ethanol extract，PFPE）、百香果皮醇提余物（passion fruit peel ethanol extraction residue，PFPR）、百香果皮可溶性膳食纤维提取物（passion fruit peel soluble dietary fiber，PFSF）和百香果皮不可溶性膳食纤维提取物（passion fruit peel insoluble dietary fiber，PFIF）为实验对象，评价PFP、PFPE、PFPR、PFSF和PFIF体外抑制葡萄糖吸收、抗氧化等功能活性及调节高血糖大鼠肠道菌群结构的作用。结果表明，PFPE对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基和2,2’-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)阳离子自由基有强清除力，半数抑制质量浓度（half-maximal inhibitory concentration，IC50）分别为1.89 mg/mL和32.25 mg/mL，同时对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶活力表现出较强抑制作用，IC50分别为6.23 mg/mL和28.65 mg/mL；经成分分析发现，总酚、黄酮是PFPE发挥抗氧化和抑制酶活性的主要成分；膳食纤维，特别是PFSF对葡萄糖延迟吸收具有主要贡献。PFP、PFPE、PFPR、PFSF和PFIF均能被高血糖大鼠肠道菌群利用产生短链脂肪酸，能不同程度地富集乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌，抑制肠球菌、拟杆菌；其中PFSF调节高血糖大鼠肠道菌群结构的效果最好。

Antioxidant Effect of Passion Fruit Peel and Its Effect on Inhibiting Glucose Absorption in Vitro and Regulating Intestinal Microflora Structure in Hyperglycemic Rats

Passion fruit peel powder(PFP),ethanol extract(PFPE)and residue(PFPR)from passion fruit peel,and soluble(PFSF)and insoluble dietary fiber(PFIF)from passion fruit peel were evaluated for their in vitro inhibitory effect on glucose absorption,antioxidant activity and regulatory effect on intestinal microflora structure in hyperglycemic rats.The results showed that PFPE had an obvious scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)cation radicals,and showed a strong inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase andα-amylase activities,with half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of 1.89,32.25,6.23 and 28.65 mg/mL,respectively.The composition analysis revealed that total phenols and flavonoids were the main components responsible for the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of PFPE.Passion fruit peel dietary fiber,especially PFSF,made a major contribution to delayed glucose absorption.All tested samples could be utilized by the intestinal microflora of hyperglycemic rats to produce short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and they could enrich Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium to different degrees,and inhibit Enterococcus and Bacteroidetes,with PFSF being the most effective in regulating intestinal microflora structure in hyperglycemic rats.