壳聚糖/香兰素/聚乙烯醇共纺纳米纤维膜的性质及其在大菱鲆保鲜中的应用

本研究以壳聚糖（chitosan，CS）、香兰素（vanillin，V）和聚乙烯醇（polyethylene alcohol，PVA）为原料，采用单轴静电纺丝工艺制备CS/V/PVA共纺纳米纤维膜，通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热分析和热重分析对CS/V/PVA共纺纳米纤维膜的形貌和结构进行表征，并以大菱鲆优势腐败菌——腐败希瓦氏菌（Shewanella putrefaciens）为靶标菌，对其抑菌活性进行测定，并考察CS/V/PVA共纺纳米纤维膜应用于大菱鲆的保鲜效果。结果表明：CS/V/PVA共纺纳米纤维膜的微观结构良好，纤维直径均匀分布在200～350 nm之间；纤维膜各组分之间存在相互作用，香兰素分子中的醛基能与CS分子中的氨基反应形成席夫碱键，且CS、香兰素、PVA分子间有氢键形成，降低了膜的初始熔融温度。此外，CS/V/PVA共纺纳米纤维膜对腐败希瓦氏菌具有较强的抑制作用，4 ℃大菱鲆保鲜实验结果表明CS/V/PVA共纺纳米纤维膜能有效延长大菱鲆鱼片的货架期。

Characteristics of Chitosan/Vanillin/Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Electrospun Nanofiber Film and Its Application in the Preservation of Turbot

In this study,chitosan,vanillin and polyvinyl alcohol were used as raw materials to prepare chitosan/vanillin/polyvinyl alcohol(CS/V/PVA)composite electrospun nanofiber film by uniaxial electrospinning.The morphology and structure of CS/V/PVA were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential scanning calorimeter(DSC)and thermogravimetric analyzer(TG).The antibacterial activity was determined against Shewanella putrefaciens,the dominant spoilage bacterium in turbot.In addition,the application of CS/V/PVA composite electrospun nanofiber film was evaluated to the preservation of turbot.The results showed that CS/V/PVA composite electrospun nanofiber film had a good microstructure,and the fiber diameter was evenly distributed between 200 and 350 nm.A strong interaction between the components of the nanofiber film was observed.The aldehyde group in the vanillin molecule could react with the amino group in chitosan to form Schiff base bonds,and hydrogen bonds were formed between the chitosan,vanillin and polyvinyl alcohol molecules,reducing the initial melting temperature of the film.In addition,the co-spinning membrane had a strong antibacterial ability against Shewanella putrefaciens,and at 4℃it could prolong the shelf life of turbot at 4℃.