| Abstract: | The annular material around a spout may be considered to be a loosely packed assembly of particles with its behavior described by effective stresses using the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion as employed in soil mechanics. The work shows the development of a height-independent stress model together with an interpretation of the mathematical results in physical terms. The form of a simple equation for spout diameter is shown which gives some information about the interactions between the spout and the annular material. |
