Changes in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seed lipids during germination |
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Authors: | P K J P D Wanasundara U N Wanasundara F Shahidi |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, A1B 3X9 St. John’s, NE, Canada |
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Abstract: | Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seeds were germinated for 8 d under laboratory conditions, and changes in their lipid fraction were studied by various
chemical and chromatographic methods. Total lipid content of the seeds was reduced fourfold at the end of the 8-d germination
period as compared to ungerminated seeds on a fresh weight basis. The neutral lipids comprised the major fraction of seed
lipids, and triacylglycerols predominated over all other lipid components even during the germination period. Both the spectrophotometric
and thin-layer chromatography-flame-ionization detection methods of quantification showed a considerable increase in the content
of free fatty acids. The glycolipid fraction of lipids increased, but the phospholipid fraction exhibited only minor changes.
Lipase activity of flaxseed increased at the beginning of germination and then remained constant until the fifth day. Phosphatidylcholine
was the major phospholipid of flaxseed lipids, and its content was reduced during the germination. The contents of lysophosphatidylcholine
and phosphatidic acid increased from negligible amounts to 46% of the total phospholipids. Linolenic, linoleic, and oleic
acids, respectively, were the predominant fatty acids of all the lipid fractions of flaxseed, and remained unchanged during
the germination period. The glycolipid fraction had the lowest content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Fatty acids C14:0, C20:0, C24:0, C20:1, C22:1, and C20:5 appeared after d 2 of germination in neutral, glyco- and phospholipid fractions. |
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Keywords: | Fatty acids flaxseed germination glycolipids lipase activity lipids neutral lipids phospholipids thin-layer chromatography-flame-ionization detection |
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