豆粕中残余脂质的提取与分析

豆粕中含有部分正己烷未能去除的残余脂质,采用体积比为2∶1的氯仿-甲醇溶液及水饱和正丁醇从豆粕中提取残余脂质,并对残余脂质成分进行了分析.传统的氯仿-甲醇溶液法可以将豆粕中大部分脂质提取出来,而与蛋白结合能力较强的极性脂需要进一步通过强极性的水饱和正丁醇提取.研究结果显示,豆粕中总脂质含量为2.10％,其中中性脂占25.24％,极性脂占74.76％,中性脂主要包括甘油三酯、FFA、甘油二酯；极性脂主要包括磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、磷脂酸(PA).

Extraction and analysis of residual lipids in soybean meal

Soybean meal has residual lipids which can not be extracted by n-hexane.The meal was extracted consecutively by two solvents of chloroform-methanol(2∶1 of volume ratio) and water-saturated butanol,and the obtained lipids were analyzed.Chloroform-methanol regarded as conventional solvent could extract most of lipid from the meal,and the polar lipid interacted with protein more closely should be extracted by water-saturated butanol.The results indicated that the soybean meal contained 2.10% total lipids which was composed of 25.24% neutral lipids and 74.76% polar lipids,the polar lipids were mainly consisted of phosphatidylcholine,phosphatidylinositol,phosphatidylethanolamine,and phosphatidic acid,while the neutral lipids mainly included triglycerides,FFA and diglycerides.