基于基质辅助激光解吸-电离质谱的磷脂分析和成像的基质体系与制样方法

由于磷脂在神经传递和生物膜功能方面的重要作用,磷脂分析已成为目前脂质组学研究的热点,而基质辅助激光解吸-电离成像质谱(MALDI-IMS)是磷脂分析和成像的先进技术。针对磷脂特点,优化基质溶液组成并建立合适的基质制样与覆盖方法是最关键的环节。为了建立具有高真空稳定性(稳定存在2h以上)、耐高频率激光辐射、无基质峰干扰、分布均匀且不引起分析物位移、能全面解吸-电离不同结构与浓度的磷脂,并准确表征其空间分布情况的基质体系,不少研究者进行了大量的研究。本工作从基质类型变化出发,综述了近10年来MALDI-IMS用于生物组织磷脂分析和成像的基质体系及制样方法,并对其发展前景进行了展望。

Progress of Matrix Systems and Sample Preparation Methods for Profiling and Imaging Phospholipids by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Phospholipid analysis has become one of the research hotspots in lipidomics due to their important roles in signal transduction processes and functions of biological membrane. Matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry/imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS/IMS) has been confirmed to be an advanced technique for profiling and imaging phospholipids(PLs). Optimization of matrix system and sample preparations according to the properties of PLs are critical steps for this technique. In order to establish a matrix system with high vacuum stability (stable more than 2 h), good tolerance to high frequency laser radiation, no matrix peak interference and uniform distribution, which does not cause the analyte displacement or migration, and can completely desorb and ionize different structures and concentrations of PLs to obtain accurate spatial distribution characterization of each phospholipid, many researchers had done a lot of work. Based on the development of the types of the matrix composition, progress in recent 10 years of matrix systems and sample preparation methods for MALDI-MS/IMS in profiling and imaging PLs was reviewed.