聚磷酸酯阻燃剂的合成及其性能研究

以磷酸、尿素和聚醚多元醇为主要原料,合成具有一定含氮量的聚磷酸酯阻燃剂。考察了磷酸和尿素的用量和反应温度对预聚体——聚磷酸铵平均聚合度的影响,用x射线衍射（XRD）法分析了聚磷酸铵的合成条件,采用红外光谱分析跟踪了聚磷酸酯的形成,并将其用于对聚丙烯的阻燃。结果表明：聚磷酸酯在500℃加热10min时,剩碳率为30％,膨胀度为48cm／g,可以有效地降低释烟量。

Performance and Synthesis of Polyphosphate Ester Flame Retardant

Polyphosphate ester with nitrogen was prepared from H3 PO4, CO （ NH2 ） 2 and polyether polyol. Effects of raw material amounts of H3PO4, CO（ NH2 ）2 and reaction temperature on polymerization degree of ammonium polyphosphate were investigated. Crystal phases of products were characterized by means of X - ray diffraction （XRD）. The form of polyphosphate ester was also characterized by IR spectrum. It is showed that the surplus carbon rate and turgidity were 30% and 48 cm/g when the polyphosphate ester was heated at 500℃ for 10 mins. The results of fire retardancy tests on polypropylene showed polyphosphatc ester is an additive fire retardant with effectively reducing the amount of effluent smoke.