Biohythane production from organic waste: Recent advancements,technical bottlenecks and prospects |
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| Authors: | Sabarathinam Shanmugam Thangavel Mathimani Eldon R Rene V Edwin Geo A Arun Kathirvel Brindhadevi Arivalagan Pugazhendhi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China;2. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China;3. Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620015, India;4. Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, 2601 DA Delft, the Netherlands;5. Green Vehicle Technology Research Centre, Department of Automobile Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India;6. Department of Microbiology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India;7. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam;8. Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam |
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| Abstract: | The availability of fossil fuels is a major factor that determines the economy of a country. However, possible exhaustion of fossil fuel deposits as well as increased pollution, and other adverse effects on the environment has prompted us to search for alternative fuels. This resulted in the development of hythane, a blend of hydrogen with methane, at concentrations of 10%–30%. The breakdown of organic substrates using sequential dark fermentation (DF) and anaerobic digestion (AD) leads to biohythane production. The quality and quantity of biohythane can be improved by altering the following aspects: selection, development, and/or genetic engineering of suitable microbial consortium; the use of cheap, appropriate substrates; improved design of bioreactors; and the implementation of two-stage fermentation system. This review focusses on the mechanism of biohythane production and the different aspects involved in increasing both its production rate and quality. A comparative study has also been done to demonstrate the superiority of biohythane over other biofuels. |
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| Keywords: | Biohythane Anaerobic digestion Organic waste Fossil fuels Microbial consortium |
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