Removal of Phorbol Ester from Jatropha Seedcake Using Ozonation and Solar Irradiation |
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Authors: | Susan Masten Brent Simpson Susan Hengemuehle Paramjeet Pati Alla Alpatova Boubacar Dembele |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA;2. Institute of International Agriculture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA;3. Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA;4. Institut Polytechnique Rural de Formation et de Recherché Appliquée de Katibougou, BP 06 Katibougou, Mali |
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Abstract: | Jatropha curcas is a well-known source of non-edible vegetable oil that is being promoted as an energy source and high quality feedstock in biodiesel production, especially in developing countries. The potential that the resulting seedcake by-product from jatropha oil extraction (?70% by volume) could also be used as a component in animal feed raises the prospect that a commercially viable jatropha-based industry could be developed. To date, however, the use of jatropha seedcake in livestock feed formulation has been constrained by the presence of phorbol esters (PE), which are known promutagenic and toxic compounds, and by the inability to eliminate PE by cost-effective means. Using seedcake by-product collected from a commercial facility in West Africa that processes jatropha biodiesel, this study demonstrates cost-effective measures of eliminating PE from jatropha seedcake using a combination of solar irradiation and ozonation. |
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Keywords: | Ozonation Jatropha UV Radiation Solar Radiation Detoxification Phorbol Ester |
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