兴于诗立于礼成于乐--孔子的诗教礼教乐教思想及其当代意义

“兴于诗，立于礼，成于乐”是孔子教育思想的总纲领。诗教激励人的志向，启发人的情感。但诗教所兴起的情感必须加以理性的约束。礼教培养人遵守行为规范的理性精神。然而克制情感必然产生消极情绪，更严重的后果是，表面上以礼作文饰，暗地里追求欲望的满足。乐教可以救礼教之敝：在更高的层次上回到情感品质上去，达到情感与理性的和谐统一，塑造一个理性的情感本体。

Cultivated by Poetry,Established by Propriety and Accomplished by Music

To be cultivated by poetry, established by propriety and accomplished by music is the general guideline of the Confucian educational ideology The teaching of poetry makes a man ambitious and arouses his emotions which must be restrained by reasoning The teaching of proprieties helps a man to possess rational spirit of standardizing his behavior But to restrainone's emotions may result in passive mood To make the matter worse, he may make use of the proprieties to satisfy his own desires The teaching of music can compensate for the disadvantage of the teaching of propriety It helps a man, on an even higher level, to keep his emotional qualities for the harmonious unity of both emotion and reason, thus moulding a rational being of emotions