Phytochemical profiles and inhibitory effect on free radical-induced human erythrocyte damage of Dracaena draco leaf: A potential novel antioxidant agent |
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Authors: | Rui P Santos Lídia S Mendes Branca M Silva Paula Guedes de Pinho Patrícia Valentão Paula B Andrade José A Pereira Márcia Carvalho |
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Affiliation: | 1. CEBIMED/Research Group on Toxicology and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, R. Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal;2. REQUIMTE/Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal;3. REQUIMTE/Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal;4. CIMO, Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal |
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Abstract: | The present study reports for the first time the metabolite profile and antioxidant activity of aqueous extract obtained from Dracaena draco L. leaf. Volatiles profile was determined by HS-SPME/GC-IT-MS, with 34 compounds being identified, distributed by distinct chemical classes: 2 alcohols, 5 aldehydes, 16 carotenoid derivatives and 8 terpenic compounds. Carotenoid derivative compounds constituted the most abundant class in leaf (representing 45% of total identified compounds). Phenolics profile was determined by HPLC/DAD and 9 constituents were identified: 2 hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives – 5-O-caffeoylquinic and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acids; 4 hydroxycinnamic acids – caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic and sinapic acids and 3 flavonol glycosides – quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. The most abundant phenolic compound is quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (representing 50.2% of total polyphenols). Organic acids composition was also characterised, by HPLC–UV and oxalic, citric, malic and fumaric acids were determined. Oxalic and citric acids were present in higher amounts (representing 47%, each). The antioxidant potential of this material was assessed by the ability to protect against free radical-induced biomembrane damage, using human erythrocyte as in vitro model. Leaf extract strongly protected the erythrocyte membrane from haemolysis (IC50 of 39 ± 11 μg/ml), in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. This is the first report showing that D. draco leaf is a promising antioxidant agent. |
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Keywords: | Dracaena draco leaf Volatiles Polyphenols Organic acids Haemolysis inhibition Antioxidant activity |
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