国内外部分白肋烟香味成分的对比分析

采用色质联用(GC/S)技术和毛细管气相色谱(CGC)对10种国内白肋烟和9种进口白肋烟的香味成分进行了定性定量分析。在所比较的40种香味成分中,国产白肋烟有31种成分的含量明显高于进口白肋烟,有8种成分的含量与进口白肋烟接近。许多烟草中重要的或关键的香味成分,如巨豆三烯酮、茄酮、大马酮、二氢大马酮、二氢猕猴桃内酯、金合欢基丙酮、西柏三烯二醇等,国产白肋烟含量明显高于进口烟叶。就新植二烯的含量而言,国产白肋烟相当于进口白肋烟的2倍还多。进口白肋烟中的十四酸(肉豆蔻酸)和十六酸(棕榈酸)的含量明显高于国产白肋烟。此外,十五酸、亚油酸及其甲酸酯、2乙酰基吡咯、苯乙醛和2乙基戊醛略高于国产白肋烟。本文还探讨了上述烟样的酸碱比,国内白肋烟中虽然烟碱含量非常高,但非挥发有机酸(如苹果酸和柠檬酸等)含量也大大高于进口烟样,因而烟叶整体酸性仍然强于国外的白肋烟。对国内白肋烟的加料处理工艺,提出了新的观点。 

Comparison of aroma and flavor constituents of some domestic and foreign burley tobacco

The aroma and flavor constituents of 10 domestic and 9 foreign burley tobaccos were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC/MS and cGC. Among the 40 constituents comparied, 31 kinds in the domestic burley tobaccos, such as megastigmatrienone, solanone, damascone, damascenone, dihydroactinolide, farnesene and duvatrendiol are comparitively higher than those of the foreign tobaccos, 8 kinds in domestic tobaccos approached the levels in foreign tobaccos. Levels of neophytadiene in domestic tobaccos were twice higher than in foreign tobaccos. But levels of myristic and palmitic acid were comparitively higher in foreign burley tobaccos. Levels of C15 acid, linoleic acid and its methyl ester, 2 acetylpyrrole, beneethyl aldehyde and 2 ethyl pentaldehyde in foreign tobaccos were slightly higher. The ratios between acids and alkaloids of domestic and foreign burley tobaccos were also discussed.Although the levels of alkaloids in domestic tobaccos were much higher than in foreign tobaccos, the levels of nonvolatile organic acids e.g. malic and citric acid were also much higher in domestic tobaccos. So the intact acidity of domestic tobaccos were higher than foreign tobaccos. Comments were also made about the casing and toasting process of domestic burley tobaccos.