长江中下游河道生态流量研究

探讨了河道生态流量基本理论方法,针对长江中下游河道实际情况,选取宜昌站和汉口站作为控制性断面,采用改进河道湿周法计算长江中下游各河段最小生态流量,进一步根据鱼类产卵繁殖所需流速,估算了长江中下游各河段的适宜生态流量,并利用Tennant法对计算结果进行了分析评价。计算结果为,宜昌、汉口站断面的最小生态流量为2315m3/s3、124m3/s,分别占多年平均天然流量的16.7%、13.8%;宜昌、汉口站断面的适宜生态流量为8154.7m3/s1、6663m3/s,分别占多年平均天然流量的65.7%、73.6%。该研究结果为长江中下游的河流生态环境保护及水资源科学配置提供了参考。

Study on ecological flow in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

The basic theory and methods of ecological flow in river channels are discussed.Based on the factual condition of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,Yichang and Hankou Hydrological Station as the control transects are choused.The improved wetted perimeter method is applied to determine minimum ecological flow of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and optimal ecological flows of the reaches are also calculated by applying the required velocity of fish spawning.The calculating results are analyzed by using Tennant method.The results are found that minimal ecological flows of Yichang Station and Hankou Station are respectively 2315m~3/s and 3124m~3/s,respectively occupying 16.7% and 13.8%;optimal ecological flows of the reaches are 8154.7m~3/s and 16663m~3/s,respectively occupying 65.7% and 73.6%.The study provides the reference for the ecological and environmental protection and scientific allocation of water resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.