驱油用水解聚丙烯酰胺分子量测定方法研究进展

聚合物分子量及分子量分布是水解聚丙烯酰胺评价和合成研究的重要指标之一,在研究其黏度、水力学半径、降解规律和聚合物筛选评价等方面有着重要应用。本文简要回顾了黏度法、光散射法、凝胶色谱法、联用技术、场流技术的基本原理及在测定水解聚丙烯酰胺分子量中的应用及发展情况。黏度法设备简单,对操作人员要求较低,易于掌握,是目前主要评价手段;光散射法对样品除尘等要求较高,主要用于机理研究与分析,在大庆油田已有应用;驱油用的水解聚丙烯酰胺由于分子量大、非体积效应显著,应用凝胶色谱技术测其分子量还需要做大量的研究工作;场流技术能有效解决聚合物分子的剪切断裂问题,具有比较广阔的发展前景。

Measurement of molecular weight of hydrolytic polyacrylamide for oil displacement

Molecular weight and its distribution of polymer which plays an important role in research of viscosity, hydraulic radius,degradation rules and selection of polymer evaluation and etc,is one of the most important index for evaluation and synthesis of hydrolytic polyacrylamide.This paper gives a simple review of basic principle of viscosity method,light scattering method,GPC method,coupling technique,field flow technique, the application and developments of molecular weight measurement of hydrolytic polyacrylamide.The viscosity method is the main way of measurement at present,which needs simple equipments and has a lower personnel requirements and easy to handle;the light scattering method which has higher requirements for sample dusting,is mainly used for mechanism research and has been applied in Daqing oilfield;the application of molecular weight measurement of GPC still needs to make amount of research because of big molecular weight and obvious un-volu-metric effect of hydrolytic polyacrylamide for oil displacement;field flow technique has a well development because it can resolve problem of shear fracture of polymer molecule efficiently.