退火工艺对3D打印制品性能的影响

使用熔融沉积成型(FDM)工艺,3D打印了聚乳酸(PLA)和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料(ABS)材质的试样,并将试样在不同退火温度和时间下进行热处理。将退火后的试样进行拉伸性能测试、扫描电镜分析和X-射线衍射分析。结果表明:ABS试样在退火温度为40℃、退火时间为3 h时,平均拉伸强度和断裂伸长率最大。随着退火温度的提高,PLA试样的拉伸强度和结晶度均呈先增大后减小的趋势,且试样的拉伸强度和结晶度呈正相关关系。当退火温度为100℃、退火时间为1 h时,PLA试样的拉伸强度最大。通过扫描电镜观察发现,随着退火时间的延长,PLA和ABS打印试样的断面层间孔隙减小,丝材的粘结面积增大。

Effect of Annealing Process on the Performance of 3D Printed Products

Samples of polylactic acid ( PLA) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene ( ABS) were printed by 3D printing fused deposition molding ( FDM ) process, then the samples were heat-treated at different annealing temperatures and times. The annealed samples were subjected to tensile test, scanning electron microscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results showed the average tensile strength and breaking elongation of the ABS samples were the highest while the annealing temperature at 40℃ and the annealing time was 3 h. With the increasing of annealing temperature, the tensile strength and crystallinity of PLA samples were increased first and then decreased, besides, the tensile strength of the sample was positively correlated with the crystallinity. The tensile strength of the PLA was the highest when the annealing temperature at 100℃ and annealing time was 1 h. The results of scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) exhibited with the increasing of annealing time, the interlayer porosity of the PLA and ABS samples were reduced while the wire bonding areas were increased.