蒸汽爆破处理对亚麻籽油脂肪酸组成的影响

选取爆破压力1.0、2.0 MPa,维持压力时间30、60 s(1.0 MPa 30 s、1.0 MPa 60 s、2.0 MPa 30 s),对亚麻籽进行处理。利用超声波辅助提取亚麻籽油,并对亚麻籽油提取动力学进行研究,气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析亚麻籽油脂肪酸的组成。结果表明:蒸汽爆破预处理后,亚麻籽油得率得到显著提高。在较优提取工艺条件下,亚麻籽油得率为43.88%,是未经处理亚麻籽油得率的1.17倍。扫描电子显微镜分析结果表明,处理后的亚麻籽表面比较粗糙,结构破坏严重,且随着爆破压力增大、维持压力时间的延长,亚麻籽油提取速率增加。气相色谱-质谱结果显示亚麻籽油中富含不饱和脂肪酸,处理后油脂中亚麻酸质量分数为81.28%,高于未经预处理的77.41%。

Effect of Steam Explosion Treatment on Fatty Acid Composition of Flax Seed Oil

Steam explosion pretreatment was employed onflax seed at a steam pressure of 1.0 and 2.0 MPafor 30, 60 s respectively. Using ultrasonic assisted extraction of flax seed oil, the extraction kinetics of flaxseed oil were studied, and the composition of fatty acid was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicated that the yield of flaxseed oil was significantly increased after steam explosion. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the yield of flaxseed oil was 43.88%, which was 1.17 times of that of untreated flaxseed oil.The results of scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that after treatment, the surface of the flax seed was relatively rough, and the structure was damagedseriously, the extraction rate of flax seed oil increased with the increase of pressure and the prolongation of maintaining pressure.The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that flax seed oil was rich in unsaturated fatty acids, and the content of linolenic acid in the oil was 81.28%, which was higher than that of untreated 77.41%.