以配额制激励可再生能源的需求与供给国家可再生能源市场机制设计

针对中国可再生能源消纳面临的挑战,设计了基于配额制的国家可再生能源市场及其与省级日前市场的协调机制、国家绿色证书市场和激励可再生能源准确预测自身出力的偏差电量结算机制。在国家层面,以跨区跨省交易总剩余最大化为目标,构建了内嵌输电成本的国家可再生能源市场出清模型;在省级层面,将国家可再生能源市场出清结果作为可松弛的边界条件,构建了多目标的省级日前市场出清模型。算例分析验证了所述机制的有效性。提出的机制能够实现以配额制的方式激励可再生能源的需求与供给,以市场的方式发现可再生能源的真实成本及其正外部性的货币价值,引导可再生能源和电网投资规划,激励市场成员提升可再生能源发电的预测水平。

Incenting Demand and Supply of Renewable Energy with Renewable Portfolio Standard: Mechanism Design of National Renewable Energy Market

In response to the challenge of renewable energy accommodation in China, the mechanism design of national renewable energy market(NREM)is proposed. The coordinating mechanism between the NREM and provincial day-ahead market is designed. The national green certificate market is proposed. A settlement mechanism for electricity quantity deviation is proposed to incent renewable energy farms to improve their forecast accuracy. On the national level, the NREM clearing model is constructed. The objective is to maximize the total surplus and to incorporate the transmission cost. On the provincial level, a multi-objective day-ahead market clearing model is established. The NREM clearing results are taken as relaxed boundaries. The case study verifies the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism. The proposed mechanism can incent the demand and supply of renewable energy with renewable portfolio standard, help discover the true cost of renewable energy and the positive externalities of the renewable energy, guide renewable energy and power grid planning, and encourage market participants to improve their forecast accuracy.