Occurrence of patulin in various fruit juices from South Korea: An exposure assessment |
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Authors: | Mi Sook Cho Kyeongyeol Kim Eunkyoung Seo Neema Kassim Adelard Barthalomew Mtenga Won-Bo Shim Soo-Hyung Lee Duck-Hwa Chung |
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Affiliation: | (1) School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia;(2) Agroinnova, Centre of Competence for the Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, University of Torino, via L. da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, Torino, Italy |
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Abstract: | To determine patulin in various fruit juices, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was optimized and validated.
For validation of HPLC method, a linearity, accuracy, precision, detection limit, and quantification limit were determined.
Linearity (R2 = 0.99995), accuracy (96.1–115.7%), precision (3.31–9.52), detection limit (6 ng/mL), and quantification limit (8 ng/mL)
were in agreement with performance criteria for patulin as set by the European Commission hence proved that HPLC can be used
to detect patulin in fruit juices. After validation, the method was applied to estimate the prevalence of patulin in fruit
juices (apple, grape, and orange juices). Nine samples (12.5%, 3 apple, 2 orange, and 4 grape juices) of 72 samples were positive
for patulin in the range 2.8 to 30.9 ng/mL. According to the monitoring results, daily intake was estimated to be 0.17 ng/kg
BW/day which was lower than the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (0.4 μg/kg) established by Joint Expert Committee
on Food Additives. These results indicate that the detection method coincides with the performance criteria and is appropriate
for analysis of patulin, and continuous monitoring of patulin in various fruit juices from Korea is necessary. |
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