基于定向距离理论的五轴加工刀具轨迹规划算法

针对环形刀五轴加工自由曲面的残留误差问题，在传统等残留高度算法的基础上，提出了一种基于定向距离理论的等最大残留高度刀具轨迹规划算法。首先根据微分几何理论计算已知刀触点的初始侧向行距，并在侧向行距方向进行偏置得到相邻刀触点；然后以基于定向距离理论的残高误差计算模型对相邻刀触点间的实际残高值进行计算；最后通过迭代计算规划出等最大残留高度的相邻刀具轨迹。如此循环，从而获得整个曲面的刀具轨迹。实验结果表明，相对于商用软件MasterCAM9.0，该算法在充分保证曲面加工质量的同时最大限度地减小了刀具轨迹的总长度，从而提高了加工效率。

Tool Path Planning Algorithm of Five-axis Machining Based on Directional Distance Theory

For the residual error problems of five-axis machining free-form surface of toroidal cutter, a tool path planning algorithm with maximum ISO-scallop due to directional distance theory was proposed based on traditional ISO-scallop algorithm. Firstly, the initial lateral spacing distance of the known cutter contact (CC) point was calculated according to differential geometry theory, and the adjacent CC point was obtained in lateral direction. And then the actual scallop height of the adjacent CC point was calculated by scallop error calculation model based on the directional distance theory. Finally, the maximum ISO-scallop of the adjacent tool path was planned through the iterative calculation. Repetitions went on until the tool paths of the whole surface were obtained. The experimental results show that compared with the commercial software MasterCAM 9.0, the algorithm may greatly reduce total length of tool paths while ensuring the quality of surface machining, and improving the processing efficiency.