Hydraulic reactivity and cement formation of baghdadite |
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| Authors: | Ib Holzmeister Jan Weichhold Jürgen Groll Hala Zreiqat Uwe Gbureck |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany;2. Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Research Unit, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia |
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| Abstract: | In this study, the hydraulic reactivity and cement formation of baghdadite (Ca3ZrSi2O9) was investigated. The material was synthesized by sintering a mixture of CaCO3, SiO2, and ZrO2 and then mechanically activated using a planetary mill. This leads to a decrease in particle and crystallite size and a partial amorphization of baghdadite as shown by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and laser diffraction measurements. Baghdadite cements were formed by the addition of water at a powder to liquid ratio of 2.0 g/ml. Maximum compressive strengths were found to be ~2 MPa after 3-day setting for a 24-h ground material. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements showed an incongruent dissolution profile of set cements with a preferred dissolution of calcium and only marginal release of zirconium ions. Cement formation occurs under alkaline conditions, whereas the unground raw powder leads to a pH of 11.9 during setting, while prolonged grinding increased pH values to approximately 12.3. |
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| Keywords: | baghdadite bone cement hydraulic reactivity mechanical activation |
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