Catalytic hydrothermal conversion of cellulose over SnO2 and ZnO nanoparticle catalysts |
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Authors: | Ali S?na? Tu?rul YumakVolkan Balci Andrea Kruse |
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Affiliation: | a Institute for Technical Chemistry, Division of Chemical-Physical Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany b Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Ankara University, De Gol Street, 06100 Be?evler, Ankara, Turkey |
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Abstract: | The hydrothermal conversion of cellulose in the presence of nanometal oxide particles (SnO2 and ZnO) was investigated in this study. Both catalysts were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized using TEM, FESEM-EDX, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) methods. In order to reveal the effect of nano-scale catalysts, experiments were conducted using bulk (non-nano) metal oxide and pure cellulose without any catalyst. The hydrothermal conversion experiments were carried out in a micro autoclave at 300, 400, 500, 600 °C and 1 h reaction time. The compositions of the gaseous products and the aqueous phase were determined with various analytical techniques (GC, ion chromatography, HPLC, UV-vis). Contribution of carbon containing products to the carbon mass balance was also represented. The results indicated both nano and bulk ZnO and SnO2 to have an effect on the water-gas shift reaction at varying temperatures. The water-gas shift reaction (WGS) proceeded fast at 300 °C in the presence of ZnO, while the rate of WGS was lower at 300 °C in the presence of SnO2. Nano ZnO led to improved hydrogen yield, while ethane and propane were formed as a result of side reactions in the presence of nano and bulk SnO2. |
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Keywords: | Cellulose Nanocatalyst Hydrothermal biomass conversion |
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