基于人因工程与模块化的苗族蜡染绘制工序优化研究

目的 维护苗族蜡染的手工创作，提高蜡染创作效率与舒适性。方法 首先经实地调研，运用人因工程分析，观察苗族蜡染流程并结合手艺人的主观评价，发掘其中有待优化的工序和待改良的工具。随后对苗族蜡染开展画面研究，通过分解画面，先得到绘制较为繁琐且排列逻辑较高的区域，再分析其组合规律，进而提出模块化的重组思路与设计。最后以苗族蜡染的绘制特点和操作要求为基础，流畅度和舒适度为原则，对现有绘制工具进行改良设计。结论 通过人因工程和模块化的结合应用，将问题拆分为工具与画面两个方面，分别提出优化方案，以支持苗族蜡染的创造性而非重复性工作、降低初学入门的难度，以工具的改进助力手工艺的创作。

Optimization of Hmong Batik Drawing Process Based on Human Factors Engineering and Modularization

The work aims to maintain the manual creation of Hmong batik and enhance the efficiency and comfort of batik creation. Firstly, through field research, human factors engineering analysis, observation of the Hmong batik drawing process and subjective evaluation of the craftsmen, the process to be optimized and the tools to be improved were discovered. Later, image study was carried out on Hmong batik, and by decomposing the image, the more cumbersome and logically arranged areas were first obtained, then their combination laws were analyzed and the modular reorganization idea and design were proposed. Finally, the existing drawing tools are improved and designed based on the drawing characteristics and operating requirements of Hmong batik, alone with the principles of fluency and comfort. Through the combined application of human factors engineering and modularization, the problem is divided into two aspects of tool and image, and optimization schemes are respectively proposed to support the creative rather than repetitive work of Hmong batik, to reduce the learning difficulty for beginners and to encourage the the creation of handicraft with the improvement of tools.