煤层气成因研究

对于煤层气来自于煤及煤系地层的问题提出了不同的观点。通过观察煤层气的碳同位素组成(CH₄和CO₂)、煤岩及烃源岩的热模拟产物及碳同位素组成、煤层气中异常高的汞含量,分析了煤层气储集地层的大地构造环境及煤矿气体突出和森林火灾,发现气体突出和森林火灾前有卫星热红外异常。根据美国煤层气的勘探实践经验,推断煤层气可能来自深部地壳或上地幔,甲烷气体是通过上地幔脱气作用或中地壳的费托合成而生成的,而不是来自煤及其煤系地层。根据这一成因模式,可以探索预防煤矿瓦斯爆炸的新方案,重新考虑煤层气勘探目标。

Study on the origins of coal-bed gas

The opposite opinions about the problem that coal bed gas was derived from coal and its measure strata are presented. The carbon isotope composition of coal bed gas（CH₄ and CO₂), the isotope compositions and products obtained from the thermal simulation experiment of coal and its measure strata as well as the abnormal high mercury contents in the coal bed gas were observed. The geotectonic environment of coal bed gas reservoir formation and the gas eruption in the coal mine and forest fire were analyzed. The abnormity of satellite thermal ultra red was found before gas eruption and forest fire. According to the practice and experiences of coal bed gas exploration in the United States, the coal bed gas might be derived from the deep crust or upper mantle, the form of the methane is depended on gas divorced from upper mantle and the Fischer Tropsch synthetic, rather than coal and coal measures strata. On the basis of the above origins, a new plan for preventing coal bed methane explosion may be discovered. The exploration targets of coal bed gas will be reconsidered. 