3-羟基丁酸的化学合成工艺研究

探讨了降解聚合物PHB的化学生产方法 ,重点研究了单体 3 羟基丁酸的化学合成工艺。以乙醛为原料 ,经羟醛缩合制备 3 羟基丁醛 ,再通过 3 羟基丁醛的液相氧化合成 3 羟基丁酸。利用压力反应装置 ,通过催化剂选择实验和正交试验 ,确定了 3 羟基丁醛氧化反应的合适催化剂和最佳反应条件。最佳反应条件为 :催化剂为钴醋酸盐 ,催化剂用量 0 .5 % (质量 ) ,溶剂为有机酸酯 ,溶剂用量 80 % (质量 ) ,反应时间30h ,反应温度 6 0℃ ,反应压力 0 .8MPa。在最佳反应条件下 ,3-羟基丁酸的平均收率达 81.75 %。

Study on the Process of Chemical Synthesis of 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid

The process for the liquid oxidization of 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde to synthesize 3-hydroxybutyric acid was mainly studied and developed in order to seek the industrial production method of biodegradable polymer PHB. In this process, 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde was prepared through the aldol condensation of acetaldehyde. A most effective catalyst and the optimum reaction conditions were investigated and obtained by the catalyst selection experiments and the orthogonal test on our pressure reaction apparatuses. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: cobalt acetateas as catalyst, catalyst content 0.5%(m); ester as solvent, solvent content 80%(m); reaction time 30h;reaction temperature 60℃; reaction pressure 0.8MPa. The average yield of 3-hydroxybutyric acid was up to 81.75% at above optimum conditions.