防污剂吡硫锌的水解、光解及其降解产物毒性研究

研究海洋抗污损涂料添加剂吡硫锌（ ZPT）在不同环境条件下的水解、光化学降解情况，评估其对淡水和海洋生态环境可能的风险。基于美国材料与试验协会（ ASTM）的有机污染物水解、光解实验方法，分别测试了 ZPT在不同条件下的水解液、光解液中 ZPT的残留浓度和对杜氏盐藻的生长抑制毒性。结果发现偏碱性 pH（9.0）有利于 ZPT水解和光解的进行，而含盐水（ ASW）不利于 ZPT的水解但有利于其光解的进行。在淡水环境中降解液毒性主要由残留 ZPT贡献，而在海水环境中的降解液毒性显著高于残留 ZPT的贡献。所以， ZPT作为海洋抗污损涂料添加剂，对海洋环境的毒性风险需要进一步注意。

Preliminary Study on Hydrolysis and Photolysis of Antifouling Additive Zinc Pyrithione and the Toxicity of Its Degradation Products

The hydrolysis and photolysis of zinc pyrithione（ZPT），an additive for marine antifouling coatings，under different environmental conditions were studied to evaluate its possible risks in fresh water and marine environments. According to the standard of hydrolysis and photolysis methods of ASTM for organic pollutants，the residual ZPT concentrations in hydrolysis and photolysis solutions under different conditions and their growth inhibition toxicities against Dunaliella salina were tested. The results showed that alkaline pH（9. 0） value was beneficial to both hydrolysis and photolysis of ZPT，while brine（ASW）was not conducive to the hydrolysis of ZPT，but was conducive to its photolysis. The toxicities of degradation solutions in fresh water environments was mainly contributed by residual ZPT，while the toxicities of degradation solutions in sea water environments was significantly higher than those of residual ZPT. Therefore，as an additive in marine antifouling coatings，the toxicity risk of ZPT to the marine environment needs further consideration.